You are not obliged by law to have a patent attorney, yet a certain actions are more complicated and required a more indepth look in order to provide for better patents.
It is highly recomended to have your application drafted by an expireince attorney, as well as answering office action along the couse of prosecution.
as for diling and maintinng the patents, you could do it yourself in USPTO, and even in the PCT proccess yet it is much more complicated when the patent application matures to be filed in the different countries.
If you choose to manage your application yourself, make sure you read carefuly all USPTO instructions and follow it carefuly.